Regulatory issues relating to herbal products-part 2: safety and toxicity. JYG-M male rats consumed less food during weeks 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, and 17, and JYG-M female rats consumed less food during weeks 1, 2, 3, 9, 10, and 1214. ICR mice weighing 17.219.8g, purchased from Shanghai Super B & K Laboratory Animal Corp., Ltd., were used for the acute toxicity test. No significant differences were found in other organ weight values (see Figs. The research progress of the chemical components and pharmacological effects of safflower. Li H, Wang X, Ying L, et al. There were no statistically significant alterations found in behavior, biochemistry, hematological parameters, organ weight, or histopathology. The current study did not detect any adverse changes in urine routines when comparing the treatment and control groups. Learn more At the end of 3 and 6 months treatment, and 14 days of withdrawal, urine was collected using a syringe whilst rats were anesthetized with 20% urethane (Ethyl carbamate; 0.5 ml/100 g; Shanghai Hengyuan Biological Technology Co., Ltd). The Methodology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology Research. Studies on the antioxidant activity of pomegranate (. Google Scholar.

O'Leary CJ, Creamer D, Higgins E, et al. 10,11,12 and13). about navigating our updated article layout. Effect of chronic oral administration on the hematological parameters of rats following treatment with jiangu capsule. Correspondence to The present study was supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no.

(A) stomach, (B) jejunum, (C) duodenum, (D) uterus, (E) ovaries, (F) orchis; scale bar=100m. Wang G, Liu Y. The adrenal gland weight of male rats in JYG-treated groups was heavier than that of the control group. The biochemical values of rats in the jiangu capsule-treated and control groups are presented in Table III. In the chronic oral toxicity study, rats were treated with 2, 4 and 8 g/kg/day of the jiangu capsule for 6 months. The mice treated with the jiangu capsule exhibited unlimited movement, normal food consumption and normal excretion throughout the experiment. Note: JYG-H, JYG-M,JYG-L: Jueyin granules high-dose, medium dose, low-dose group, respectively. Jueyin granules at the given doses did not produce acute and chronic toxicity in animal models. Values are expressed as mean standard error of the mean, n=10. 1). California Privacy Statement, 2016;108(Pt B):407. * P<0.05 statistically significant compared to control group, Relative organs of spleen, lung, and kidney in the control and JYG-treated groups in the chronic toxicity test. However, these values were still within the normal range. National Institutes for Food and Drug Control: Zhongguo Minzu Yaozhi. Therefore, in recent years scientific investigation of CAM has been focused mainly on safety and toxicological evaluations [25]. No effusion was observed in the pleural or peritoneal cavities and no abnormal colors or morphological changes were identified in the organs of any rat. This compound was enclosed into a size 0 capsule (0.30 g per capsule). The animals body weight, food and water consumptions were monitored weekly. Data are however available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of [third party name]. Histopathology showing normal morphology from control group. Each group consisted of 15 females and 15 males. The site is secure. The potential toxicity of Chinese herbal medicine has attracted more attention in recent years. The 120 SD rats were housed in groups of 10 in plastic cages, segregated by gender. Guidelines of Management and Use of Laboratory Animals. Following 14 days of withdrawal, there were no significant differences among the groups in body weight gain and food intake (Fig. Free radical scavenging and antifatigue activities of. Saussureae involucratae Flos is the primary component of the jiangu capsule, which also consists of 12 types of natural medicine. FOIA Blood samples of rats in the four groups were collected following month 3 and 6, and following 14 days of withdrawal and analyzed using a BC-5500 Auto Hematological auto-analyzer (Mindray Medical International, Ltd., Shenzhen, China). Chen C, Fei YW, Rong X, et al. National Library of Medicine Effects of radix curcumae-derived diterpenoid C on Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation and nuclear factor kappa B signal pathways. Molecules. Cookies policy. The thyroid, stomach, pancreas, testis, prostate, aorta, bladder and bone marrow were preserved in 10% Faure Marin solution, fixed for 3648h, and subjected to conventional histological processes for histopathological examination. In the chronic toxicity test, food consumption and body weight showed a tendency to decrease in the JYG-treated group, especially in male rats. The results indicated that JYG at the given doses did not induce any harmful effects in animals. J Investig Dermatol. Note: JYG-H, JYG-M, JYG-L: Jueyin granules high-dose, medium dose, low-dose group, respectively. 2013;12(2):1089. ** P<0.01 statistically significant compared to control group, Relative organs of testis, ovary, and adrenal gland in the control and JYG-treated groups in the chronic toxicity test. Chik WI, Zhu L, Fan LL, Yi T, Zhu GY, Gou XJ, Tang YN, Xu J, Yeung WP, Zhao ZZ, et al. The experimental data were analyzed using SPSS 21 statistical software. The present study was approved by the Animal Ethical Committee of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xi'an, China). Zhu H, Liang QH, Xiong XG, et al. a heart, b liver, c spleen, d lung, e kidney, f pancreas; scale bar=100m, Histopathological analysis of organs stained with H&E. In addition, organ weight and histopathological examinations also remained close to or within the normal range suggesting JYG showed no toxic effects on digestive system in JYG-treated rats. The potential toxicity following 14 days or 6 months of repeated oral administration was assessed in mice or rats, respectively, in order to assess the safety of the jiangu capsule. 2014;8(8):327. All animals were euthanasized with CO2 inhaltion at the end of testing, and blood samples were obtained for the biochemical assays. This situation impairs the quality of life of people with psoriasis [17,18,19]. In addition, no histopathological changes were observed in either the control or the JYG-treated groups (Additionalfile1: Figure S1-S2). Note: JYG-H, JYG-M,JYG-L: Jueyin granules high-dose, medium dose, low-dose group, respectively. Data were expressed as the mean standard error of the mean and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by least significant difference correction for multiple comparisons tests. Kim GY, Lee JY, Lee JO, Ryu CH, Choi BT, Jeong YK, Lee KW, Jeong SC, Choi YH. Topical application of delphinidin reduces psoriasiform lesions in the flaky skin mouse model by inducing epidermal differentiation and inhibiting inflammation. There were no significant differences in biochemical parameters between the control and medicated groups (P>0.05; Table III). For 18h before the start of the experiment, the mice had access to water but no food. China. Following the oral administration of JYG, rats from the low, medium, and high dose groups as well as those in the control group, were all in good condition. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Google Scholar. Biochemical parameters in the control and JYG-treated groups in the chronic toxicity test. CAS a heart, b liver, c spleen, d lung, e kidney, f pancreas; scale bar=100m, Histopathological analysis of organs stained with H&E. The objective of this study was to investigate the safety of JYG in ICR mice and Wistar rats. MFW analysed the data of acute toxicity and drafted manuscript. Anti-inflammatory effects of the bioactive compound Ferulic acid contained in Oldenlandia diffusa on collagen-induced arthritis in rats. * P<0.05 statistically significant compared to control group. Despite the advances in what is known about the pathogenesis of psoriasis, modern therapies have had limited effects. Recently, more people with psoriasis have turned to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) because of its low cost and minimal adverse effects [8]. Patients with severe psoriasis have high levels of psychological perceived stress: a pilot study on 300 Spanish individuals with psoriasis[EB/OL].http://xueshu.baidu.com/s?wd=paperuri:(e447ba35f98512a131acc0bd4210bd71)&filter=sc_long_sign&sc_ks_para=q%3DPatients+with+severe+psoriasis+have+high+levels+of+psychological+perceived+stress%3A+a+pilot+study+on+300+Spanish+individuals+with+psoriasis&tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&ie=utf-8&sc_us=11636290703603640692. Shao C, Wang Y, Gao Y. Zindanc I, Albayrak O, Kavala M, et al.

Lee SH, Lee SY, Son DJ, Lee H, Yoo HS, Song S, Oh KW, Han DC, Kwon BM, Hong JT. Kao ST, Liu CJ, Yeh CC. Received 2015 Oct 10; Accepted 2016 Oct 28. jiangu capsule, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, organ weights, histopathological examination. Moreover, patients suffering from psoriasis are subjected to considerable physical and psychological disorders,which can aggravate the severity of psoriasis. The values are expressed as meanSEM (n=10 rats for 3months; n=1719 rats for 6months; n=10 rats for 1month recovery). During a period of 14 days post treatment, rats were fed with standard commercial diet and tap water and had ad libitum access to feed and drinking water. Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission: Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China. XXJ analysed the data of JYG on histopathological alterations of visceral organs. This study was supported by grant (No. Zhonghua Yi XueZaZhi. Terms and Conditions, Samples were observed using an optical microscope (24,25). The body weight gain of the treated groups was similar to the control group during the study (Fig. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity of a lyophilized aqueous extract of. YC and DJG made substantial contribution to analysis and interpretation of data and draft the manuscript. PubMed Central

Saussureae involucratae Flos contains flavonoids, alkaloids and sesquiterpenoids (6), and has been demonstrated to dispel cold and remove dampness, stimulate menstrual flow and promote blood circulation (6). Qi Xu or Fu-lun Li. FLL and QX significantly contributed to the designs of all experimental protocols, data analysis and interpretation, revised and finalised the manuscript. Front Pharmacol. The chronic toxicity test was conducted with a total of 120 4-week old Sprauge-dawley (SD) rats at a gender ratio of 50:50 weighing 80100 g. All animals were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xi'an, China). Forty ICR mice were randomly divided into two groups, each comprising 10 males and 10 females. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. No differences were found in average bodyweight and food intake throughout the six-month experimental period at the other time points. 2017;22(4):515. Hematological and serum biochemical parameters are important markers of the physiological and pathological state of the blood. There were no signs of toxicity in the general condition and body weight of the mice was not significantly affected by the treatment. (A) stomach, (B) jejunum, (C) duodenum, (D) uterus, (E) ovaries, (F) orchis; scale bar=100m (PPTX 1332kb). The highest dose (16 g/kg) of orally administered jiangu capsule did not induce any signs of acute toxicity or mortality in mice. It is a typical alpine plant and a rare Chinese medicinal herb with resistance to the cold, which is hard to obtain. Following 6 months of treatment, 3 months post-treatment and 14 days of withdrawal without any drug treatment, 10 rats from each group (5 females and 5 males) were sacrificed by cervical dislocation under anesthesia with 20% urethane (ethyl carbamate; i.p., 1,000 mg/kg; Shanghai Hengyuan Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). The compounds Saussureae involucratae Flos, Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix Flos, Punica granatum L. Semen, Tinospora sinensis, Cassiae Semen, Carthami Flos and Meconopsis horridula underwent reflux extraction in ten parts 65% ethanol to one part powder for 1 h at 60C. In female rats, JYG-H rats had significantly lower RBC and HGB values at the third months. a stomach, b jejunum, c duodenum, d uterus, e ovaries, f orchis; scale bar=100m. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2211-z, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2211-z. Advances in studies on chemical constituents of. L J, Wang Y, Zhao W, et al. CAS Article Orchis between JYG-treated groups and the control group (see Figs. 3,4-Dihydroxytoluene, a metabolite of rutin, inhibits inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages by reducing the activation of NF-B signaling. No rats succumbed during the 6 months of oral administration. 2016;16(1):487. Google Scholar. Saussureae involucratae Flos, also known as the blood lotus or thumb flower, is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used to treat a number of different conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, lower abdominal pain in women, retained placenta and amenorrhea (13). BL critically revised the manuscript. Deng et al. 2004;43(7):552.

2015;20(1):1217. However, little is known about the possible acute and chronic toxicity of JYG. Global epidemiology of psoriasis: a systematic review of incidence and prevalence. The values are expressed as meanSEM (n=10 rats for 3months; n=1719 rats for 6months; n=10 rats for 1month recovery). Ha H, Lee JK, Lee HY, Seo CS, Kim JH, Lee MY, Koh WS, Shin HK. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. The liver relative weight of JYG-H male rats was heavier at the end of 3months compared with the control group. At the end of 6months, JYG-L rats had significantly lower ALT values, whereas AST values was significantly lower in JYG-M and JYG-L rats compared to the control group (see Fig.

PubMed Central World J Gastroenterol. Its composition is shown in Table1. The values are expressed as meanSEM (n=10 rats for 3months; n=1719 rats for 6months; n=10 rats for 1month recovery). Mice had ad libitum access to food and water. Phytotherapy Research Ptr. Those in the control group were administered distilled water at 20ml/kg/d. Cell. Perceived stress, stress attributions and psychological distress in psoriasis. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Therefore JYG could be regarded as a partially nontoxic compound. Acute and subchronic oral toxicity assessment of the herbal formula Kai-Xin-San. People are looking for novel drugs to treat psoriasis, but many patients cannot afford the new therapies because of their high cost [16]. The values are expressed as meanSEM (n=10 rats for 3months; n=1719 rats for 6months; n=10 rats for 1month recovery). Thus, it is reasonable to conclude that JYG is safe at the studied dosage levels and causes no acute or chronic toxicity in animal models. Phenolic compounds from the rhizomes of Smilax China L. and their anti-inflammatory activity. Molecular understanding and modern application of traditional medicines: triumphs and trials. * P<0.05 statistically significant compared to control group, Organs weight of spleen, lung, and kidney in the control and JYG-treated groups in the chronic toxicity test. 2014KTCL03-10), and the Ministry of Science and Technology and Technological Special Project for Significant New Drugs Development (grant no. Privacy Figure S1 Histopathological analysis of organs stained with H&E. It is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat a number of conditions including arthralgia, cold and sore muscles, stiff limbs, inconvenient flexion and activity limitation caused by different types of osteoarthritis. Differences in the organ weights of the two groups were not significant and were not considered to be associated with jiangu treatment. The weight of the control group and the experimental group were both increased, and the average weight of those groups had no significant difference. [20] reported that herbal formulations could significantly improve the modified psoriasis area severity index score. The screening research of anti-inflammatory bioactive markers from different flowering phases of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae. Boukandou MM, Mewono L, Aboughe AS. Histopathology showing normal morphology from rats treated with Jueyin granules at the dose of 7.5g/kg/day. In the chronic study, oral administration for 6 months did not lead to any significant differences in the hematological and biochemical parameters of the treatment groups when compared with controls. Article

Body weight changes in mice following an acute toxicity assessment and treatment with orally administered jiangu capsules. Doses were calculated by evaluating the dissolving capacity of the jiangu capsule in distilled water. 2009;361(5):496. Protective and immunomodulatory effect of Flos Lonicerae japonicae by augmenting IL-10 expression in a murine model of acute lung inflammation. In the acute study, mice were treated with the jiangu capsule orally at 16 g/kg/day, the highest dose, for 14 days. The ingredient Cortex Moutan has been reported to have an inhibitory effect on proliferation of HaCaT cells in vitro models [13]. Zhao Li, Wang XL. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for a long time and has a large market value as a medicinal product. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine However, we speculated the abnormal liver function in the patient may be caused by other reasons such as alcohol consumption rather than JYG administration, since the patient had an alcohol drinking history [26].

Mice were euthanasized with CO2 inhaltion on the 14th day. The general condition of different groups was observed for 1 h following treatment, then intermittently for 4 h and thereafter over a period of 24 h. The following assessments were carried out daily using a previously published scale: Pelage was determined by assessing luster; behavior and activity were determined by assessing agility; respiration was determined by assessing if the rats had even breathing; rats were examined for the presence of any abnormal secretions from the eyes, nose and genitals; and the colour of the rats' urine was assessed (18,19). The experimental protocols were approved by the institutional Animal Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. J Ethnopharmacol. HD interpreted the data of acute and chronic toxicity. This indicates that the jiangu capsule does not induce toxic effects on the kidney or urinary systems. No histopathological changes were observed in the organs of all rats that were treated with the jiangu capsule. Effects of catalpol, L-shikonin and paeonol extracted from radix rehmanniae, radix arnebiae and cortex moutan on KGF-induced HaCaT cell proliferation. Traditional Chinese medicine is effective and safe in the treatment of psoriasis. and transmitted securely. * P<0.05 statistically significant compared to control group. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. The detection of blood, nitrite, pH, urobilinogen, bilirubin, protein, glucose and ketone bodies in urine was performed using visual eight league test strips (Guangzhou Huadu Gao'erbao Biological Technology Co., Ltd Guangzhou, China). 2014;2014(12):573801. Liu B, Gong HX, Xiao XF, Ye GF. Jiang L, Lu Y, Jin J, et al. Our previous study showed that JYG can reduce inflammation and proliferation of keratinocytes and prevent psoriasis in animal models [5]. Chen, Y., Guo, Dj., Deng, H. et al. Figure S4 Histopathological analysis of organs stained with H&E. Polygonati Rhizoma and the dregs from the previous extraction were mixed and decocted twice in 10 water. There were no significant abnormalities in fur color, behavior, eating, drinking, or breathing, nor were there any abnormalities in secretions from the eyes, mouths, noses, or other cavities. PMC legacy view The aforementioned results indicate that the jiangu capsule did not exert an effect on the body weight, food intake, hematological parameters, urine composition, biochemical parameters, systematic anatomy, histopathological parameters or the weight of internal organs of rats that underwent the chronic study. Applications of urinary proteomics in biomarker discovery. Following the experiment, all mice were sacrificed and morphological observations demonstrated that the size and exterior colors of internal organs (including the heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) of the treated groups were the same as the control group. The results demonstrate that jiangu capsule treatment does not influence organ weight. But children, the elderly and those with abnormal digestive function should be used with caution. The animals skin, mucous membrane, changes in fur color, eyes, circulation, central nervous system, respiration, and conscious behavior were observed daily. N-butanol extract from folium isatidis inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory cytokine production in macrophages and protects mice against lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxic shock. Rodrigues TG, Fernandes A, Jr, Sousa JP, Bastos JK, Sforcin JM. 2014;172(2):354. In most weeks from week 1 to 23, JYG-H male rats took in less food (except during weeks 3, 15, 16, 1820, and 22). Histopathological examination showed no significant differences in the heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, stomach, jejunum, duodenum, uterus, ovaries. PubMed Central The experimental protocol was undertaken in accordance with the Guidelines of Care and Use of Laboratory Animals issued by the Chinese Council on Animal Research and the Guidelines of Animal Care (17). YNZ and SL analysed the data of JYG on body weight, food consumption, and organ weight. These results were consistent with the recent clinical study showing that patients treated with JYG formulation twice a day for a continuous four-week period had no adverse effects in hematology or hepatorenal functions [26]. There has been wide concern about the toxicity of herbal medicine, and several side effects (such as allergic reactions, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and cardiac toxicity) of herbal medicines have been reported in recently years [2].

1). J Med Food. * P<0.05; **P<0.01 statistically significant compared to control group, Food consumption in the control and JYG-treated groups in the chronic toxicity test.

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