Lung homogenates were prepared and their hydroxyproline content was determined using the chloramine-T method, according to the instructions provided with the kit. Early detection and treatment is key, so that the disease does not progress into the more advanced form progressive massive fibrosis. The silica dust exhaust rate for rats (average body weight: 0.200kg) treated with Chinese herbal kombucha was 0.4mg/day.

Non-Chinese herbal kombucha did not promote dust emission, so it appears that the combination of Chinese herbal extracts and the kombucha culture has advantageous synergistic effects.

Our results indicate that tetrandrine treatment can suppress the formation of collagen in lung tissues.

The rats were treated with tetrandrine by lavage.

). World Health Organization Global Occupational Health Network.

The effects of the various treatments on the cell counts in lung lavage fluid from rats exposed to silica. The highest free silica levels occurred in the tetrandrine treatment group ( Based on these results, they also seem to promote the health of pulmonary tissues and dust emission mediated by the cilia.

This simply means that the lungs cease to function properly, and people cannot breathe, he said. Intrapulmonary levels of free silica were measured in lung samples from animals in each of the experimental groups. However the best thing is prevention.

cells/mL. Their numbers are greatly reduced by dust exposure, causing the relative abundance of N cells to increase. A further 32 had a diagnosis of progressive massive fibrosis a far more advanced form of the disease. The Chinese herbal extract was prepared by mixing tea (0.2% w/w), licorice (0.5% w/w), dried Siratia grosvenori fruit (0.5% w/w), and wild chrysanthemum (0.2% w/w) in water and boiling the resulting mixtures for 20min. Supplementary Appendix 1: A case of gold pneumoconiosis and tuberculosis treated by spraying with Chinese herbal Kombucha. No deaths occurred in the Chinese herbal kombucha treatment group.

cells/mL); one sample from this group had a count of cells/mL.

Since lung hydroxyproline levels are a biochemical indicator of pulmonary fibrosis, this suggests that tetrandrine is effective at inhibiting fibrosis. The dry lung weights for the various groups decreased in the same order as that for the wet lung weights. After fermenting at 30C for 2 weeks, the Chinese herbal kombucha solution was considered ready for use in experiments.

This triggers an immune response that stimulates the production of collagen around the particle, resulting in the formation of nodular lesions that obstruct the airways.

A 0.5g lung tissue sample was then immersed in acetone for three days for degreasing and then cut into pieces, baked in an oven at 105C for 12h, and weighed to determine its dry weight ( In conjunction with the finding that tetrandrine treatment suppresses hyperplasia in the lungs (Table 3), the high numbers of cells in the lung lavage fluid of the tetrandrine treatment group indicate that tetrandrine is a poor therapeutic agent due to its toxicity towards the tissues of the lung. However, there are several groups of patients that are not suitable for large volume whole lung lavage, including those with (1) conditions that affect blood clotting; (2) severe tracheal or bronchial deformities; (3) illnesses or dysfunctions of the heart, brain, liver, kidneys, or other major organs; (4) cancers or compromised immune systems; (5) active tuberculosis; (6) pulmonary bullae, especially subpleural bullae greater than 2cm in diameter; (7) severely low pulmonary function; and (8) severe emphysema or related conditions [31]. The animals used were Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats that had been held under quarantine for 5 days.

776 Zillmere Road Xylinum generates bacterial cellulose from the ethanol produced by the yeast; bacterial cellulose is an efficient adsorbing agent that will adhere to dust particles and other substances, thereby facilitating their removal via expectoration. This study explored the scope for using Chinese herbal and non-Chinese herbal kombucha preparations as dust-removing probiotic agents for treating silicosis and related conditions. Because of the considerable variation within each treatment group, there were no significant between-group differences. Xylinum secretes bacterial cellulose through holes in its cell walls. Chinese herbal kombucha preparations can be made by fermenting extracts of various plants with a kombucha culture. These properties mean that it functions as a nanoscale functional material with a defined three-dimensional structure and a large number of surface-exposed hydroxyl groups, which allow it to form strong noncovalent bonds with water and also a wide range of ions and organic compounds [10]. Starting four days after being injected with silica, the rats were sprayed with Chinese herbal kombucha.

HERSTON QLD 4029 These problems are exacerbated by the lack of an effective treatment for the condition. Therefore, the Chinese herbal kombucha would help to globally remove silicosis, pneumoconiosis, and similar diseases in the futures. The difference between the values for the tetrandrine treatment group and the Chinese herbal kombucha treatment group was not statistically significant, but that between the values for the positive control group and the tetrandrine group (

.

This step was critical to the success they have seen with whole lung lavage. The experimental animals were then anaesthetized under sterile conditions and subjected to intratracheal injection with 1mL of the sterile mycillin-containing silica dust suspension in lungs. Teas made from the buds of the camellia plant contain many bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, tea polysaccharides, alkaloids, vitamins, and amino acids, as well as various essential metal ions. Licorice is known to have numerous pharmacological effects and is widely used in traditional medicine. The plant species used to prepare the Chinese herbal kombucha are known to have antitussive, expectorant, and antiasthma function, as well as protecting against respiratory pathogens. There were no significant differences between the lung coefficients for the various silica-exposed groups. Third stage cases (3060g of dust) are characterized by the appearance of converged fibrosis nodules [33]. Similarly, more than 1.7 million workers in the USA and more than 3 million workers in Europe are likely to have been exposed to silica dust in the workplace [5, 6].

Just knowing that horrible stuff is not inside me anymore is just such a relief, Im not stressed about it anymore. Having this procedure has truly changed my life, I cant thank everyone enough..

M cells are phagocytes that are important for lung health. Each rat was sprayed 20 times in the morning and 20 times in the afternoon for five consecutive days per week, over a four-week period.

Silicosis is a pneumoconiosis disease caused by exposure to various forms of silica dust including crystalline silica and amorphous silica dust [1]. ASPLEY QLD 4035 Consequently, the development of effective methods for removing silica dust from the lungs will be essential for effectively treating this disease. Conventional paraffin sections were taken and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. cells/mL for the Chinese herbal kombucha group, ). Conversely, the lavage fluid of the dust-exposed groups was dominated by N cells, followed by L and then M cells.

As such, it may not be appropriate to use the inhibition of collagen synthesis in lung tissue as the main indicator of effectiveness when evaluating the performance of drugs for the treatment of silicosis. : because the rats in the negative control group were not exposed to silica, the analysis was not performed in this case. Chrysanthemum is an important medicinal plant that has various pharmacological effects. It is fantastic that we now have this treatment to offer hope to sufferers of silicosis. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This implies that tetrandrine treatment causes some level of tissue dehydration. Even if the treatment only removed dust from the surface tissues of the pulmonary alveolae, significant improvements in lung function would be achieved. Both of these results indicate that lung fibrosis becomes more severe over time. The Common Good CEO Michael Hornby said that funding this type of research is extremely important and is hopeful this whole lung lavage procedure will help many young workers not just in Queensland, but across Australia.

Each rat was sprayed 20 times in the morning and in the afternoon for five consecutive days per week, over a four-week period. However, the cell counts in lung lavage fluid from tetrandrine-treated rats suggest that it has cytotoxic effects in the lungs and may inhibit the discharge of silica dust. In this work, two probiotic mixtures were used to treat silicosis. Clearance of Free Silica in Rat Lungs by Spraying with Chinese Herbal Kombucha, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan 571737, China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Guangxi 530021, China, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Chinese herbal kombucha treatment group. This effect was much less pronounced for the kombucha and Chinese herbal kombucha treatments.

Hydroxyproline assays were performed on lung samples taken from rats killed one week after the end of the treatment period (30 days after the onset of treatment) and from animals killed three weeks after the end of the treatment period (50 days after the onset of treatment).

The Because Chinese herbal kombucha preparations have no toxic side effects and can be also used to treat TB patients and those with cardiopulmonary dysfunctions, they could potentially replace lung lavage as a treatment for pneumoconiosis. At the end of the treatment period, the hearts, livers, spleens, lungs, and kidneys of the rats in each group were removed and weighed, and the corresponding organ coefficients were calculated. Silica levels in lung samples were measured using the method for determining silica levels in dust samples described in Chinese national standard GBZ/T 192.4-2007 (Determination of dust in the air of workplace-Part 4: Content of free silica in dust). The sections from the tetrandrine treatment group exhibited less extensive lung consolidation and more evidence of lung inflammation. Please enter your email address here to get access to the content: We would like to see how many people are using it, and to get your feedback and suggestions for improvement. In all cases, the hydroxyproline levels measured for the day 50 animals were substantially greater than those for the day 30 animals (Table 5). Normally bacteria in the lungs are fought off by the immune system, but silica crystals dont break down like bacteria.

The results presented herein suggest that in addition to these effects, tetrandrine may be toxic to cardiac tissue and cause lung dehydration; the latter effect may be related to its known tendency to cause skin dehydration.

Tetrandrine was purchased from the Zhejiang Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. A kit for measuring collagen (hydroxyproline) levels was purchased from the Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute. Based on the system used to classify cases of pneumoconiosis, first stage cases occur when the lungs contain 015g of dust; this causes dust reticulocyte fibrosis. Table 3 also shows that the heart coefficient for the negative control group was significantly lower than those for the positive control group and the tetrandrine treatment group ( The trachea and lungs were then removed and separated, and the lungs were stripped of their connective tissue. This has been a race against the clock, since once scarring occurs it may be too late to remove the silica, Professor Chambers said. Both licorice and the isolated active compounds are known to have antitussive and expectorant properties.

It has been demonstrated that the amount of dust in the lungs of pneumoconiosis sufferers ranges from 0 to 60 grams. In general, the greater the total number of cells within the lavage fluid, the more severe the case of silicosis. cells/mL for the kombucha group, and Interestingly, only the Chinese herbal kombucha preparations had unambiguously beneficial effects on dust emission. The only treatment group with hydroxyproline levels that were significantly different to those for the negative control group was treated with non-Chinese herbal kombucha ( Fresh rat lung samples were degreased, dried, and then crushed.

The lung tissue was then fixed using formalin. It contains a range of biologically active compounds, including glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, and the licorice flavonoids.

This is consistent with the results obtained when a single pneumoconiosis patient was treated by spraying with Chinese herbal kombucha for three months (see the case report presented in Supplementary Appendix1 in Supplementary Material available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/790792). Chen, and R.-L. Bian, Pharmacological actions of tetrandrine in inflammatory pulmonary diseases,, W. Faxuan, Z. Qin, Z. Dinglun et al., Altered microRNAs expression profiling in experimental silicosis rats,, H.-S. Gao, R. Xue, P. Ding et al., Cross-talk of the related bioactivity mediators in serum after injection of soluble TNF-, X. Wang, Y. Chen, L. Lv, and J. Chen, Silencing CD36 gene expression results in the inhibition of latent-TGF-, X. T. Wang, J. Liu, L. H. Liu, and J. Y. Zhao, Analysis of influencing factors on infrared spectroscopic determination of the content of free silica in quartz sand,, Y. Changes in the weight of dust-exposed rats over the course of the experimental period (unit: g). ). It is rich in acetic acid bacteria, yeast probiotics, acetic acid, and other organic acids that are beneficial to human health and can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria. The boiled solution was then filtered, cooled to below 30C, and mixed with a 20% dilution of the kombucha stock solution. All of the silica-exposed groups other than the tetrandrine treatment group had hydroxyproline levels that were significantly greater than those for the negative control group (

Du, Data analysis and experimental study on pathogenic therapy or lung lavage for dust removal,. We acknowledge and pay respect to the Traditional Owners of the land where Metro North Health facilities now stand. A treatment cycle of around one year should thus be sufficient to treat patients with stage I or II pneumoconiosis. First, the gross lung morphology was observed. mg/d (Table 7). However, it can also cause skin discoloration and itching. While some of the dust and other foreign material is removed from the lungs by lavage, the process can cause significant secondary damage, resulting in complications such as tuberculosis. Visual inspection of the pathological sections of the lungs of the experimental rats (Figures 1(a)1(e)) indicated that there were no abnormalities among the negative control group. TPCH Senior Research Fellow Dr. Simon Apte with Professor Dan Chambers and whole lung lavage recipient Anothony Constantine in the TPCH lung research laboratory. In addition, it adsorbs a range of nonmetallic toxins such as histamines, ammonia, and NO2 and formaldehyde [1116].

The influence of the various treatments on the organ coefficients of rats exposed to silica dust. Interestingly, kombucha cultures produce bacterial cellulose more efficiently than cultures of Xylinum alone [8, 9]. It is an important ingredient of cooling drinks and is considered to be beneficial for relieving conditions characterized by high body temperatures, such as inflammation. It has proven to be a good treatment for atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer disease and can also help regulate blood pressure, slow aging and prevent and treat various diseases [7].

However, the heart coefficients for the kombucha and Chinese herbal kombucha treatment groups were significantly lower (

The negative control group had the lowest lung lavage fluid cell count (Table 4), averaging The silica dust settles in the lungs, leading to internal scarring (fibrosis) that prevents lungs from working. Aside from medication, the most common treatment for pneumoconiosis-type diseases such as silicosis is large volume whole lung lavage. It should be noted that the treatments examined in this work were only applied over a period of one month.

One end of a small plastic hose was fitted with an eight-gauge needle and the other end was inserted into the V-shaped opening and ligated to the lung using fixed lines. If the plants used in these preparations contain biologically active substances, the resulting Chinese herbal kombucha may combine the beneficial effects of the kombucha itself with those of the plants. The different treatments were evaluated in terms of their effects on lung anatomy, collagen levels in the lung tissues of the experimental animals, and toxicity.

Kombucha contains two notable groups of microorganisms: Gluconoacetobacter xylinus (Xylinum) and yeasts. We encourage any tradespeople to get screened so that treatment can begin as early as possible.. The average amount of dust cleared from each lung was 3,000 to 5,000mg, including 70200mg of free silica.

The Brisbane protocol has now been rolled out to clinicians in Sydney and Melbourne, who will soon commence whole lung lavage for workers in NSW and Victoria.

Simple linear extrapolation suggests that if a human with a body weight of 65kg were subjected to the same treatment, the corresponding rate of silica removal would be 130mg/d. Armed with this information, a team of clinicians led by Professor Chambers have been able to use the whole lung lavage treatment to wash out damaging silica crystals and damaged cells, effectively rinsing out the lungs in what can be a four to five-hour procedure. In the early stages of the treatment period, none of the silica-exposed groups exhibited any significant clinical abnormalities. This is relatively short, and it would be desirable to study the effects of treatment with Chinese herbal kombucha over a longer period of time.

However, the lavage fluid cell counts indicated that tetrandrine treatment had severe adverse effects on macrophage viability.

An analysis of 5000 cases in which large volume whole lung lavage was performed to treat pneumoconiosis or some other lung disorders indicated that the short-term effects (13 years) of the treatment are good, but its long-term effects (67 years) are not significant. For the day 50 group, the hydroxyproline levels declined in the following order: positive control > kombucha treatment group > Chinese herbal kombucha treatment > tetrandrine treatment > negative control group. Starting four days after being injected with silica, the rats were sprayed with a 1g/L solution of NaCl. When dried, its fruit is very sweet and has a cooling effect. L. M. Costantini, R. M. Gilberti, and D. A. Knecht, The phagocytosis and toxicity of amorphous silica,, W. Chen, Y. Liu, H. Wang et al., Long-term exposure to silica dust and risk of total and cause-specific mortality in Chinese workers: a cohort study,. ). ) was measured. We therefore hypothesized that if kombucha were sprayed into lung tissues, the bacterial cellulose produced by the culture might adsorb dust and protein precipitates that would otherwise cause the symptoms of silicosis. This treatment, if successful, could mean a cure for these young people we are hopeful this innovation will save many lives and give them back their health and future, he said.

It was found that lymphocytes (L), neutral cells (N), and giant divinatory cells (M) accounted for the vast majority of these cells. Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital

is the associated standard deviation. Phone: (07)36468111, Metro North Central Patient Intake In light of these facts, we sought to investigate the utility of kombucha and various Chinese herbal kombucha mixtures for the treatment of silicosis and other diseases arising from the presence of dust in the lungs. Chinese herbal kombucha inhalation may thus be a useful new treatment for silicosis and other pneumoconiosis diseases.

Silica dust (99% particle diameter 0.510m with 80% of particles having diameters of 15m) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. cells/mL for the positive control group. Professor Chambers worked alongside TPCH Lung Researcher Dr Simon Apte to develop a technique that allows them to open up a patients affected lungs and extract the crystal, allowing them to calculate their crystal load.

At present, silicosis is treated using drugs such as oxypovidine, tetrandrine, and aluminum citrate, which only alleviate the symptoms of the disease; there is currently no cure.

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